Combination-tool.



PATENTED DEC. 24, 1907.

' J. L. KNIGHT.

COMBINATION TOOL.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 9, 1907.

JONATHAN L. KNIGHT, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO MILLARD F. BROWN, OF

KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

COMBINATION-TOOL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 2%, 1907.

Application filed July 9, 1907 $erial No. 382,904. I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JONATHAN L. KNIGHT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination- Tools, of which the following is a specification.

My invention pertains to improvements in combination tools, its object being to provide in a single instrument of convenient size, a number of hand operated small tools in general use.

The invention consists, primarily, in selecting such a list that any tool to be embodied in the combination, may have its parts so modified in form or details as to adapt it for connection and cooperation with the parts of the other individual tools of the group, without destroying its individuality, or detracting from its efficiency as a distinctive representativeof its class. These conditions having been met, consideration has been given to the matterof harmonious and consistent association, or grouping together tools of the same general character, and those offering the widest field of general utility. The ultimate, and most important problems of the invention'the actual construction of its parts and detailshas been to preserve the highest efficiency of each individual tool represented with the greatest possible degree of convenience and simplicity in its use. The forming, adjusting, arrang ing, and connecting the several parts in such a manner that the operations of any individual tool should not be handicapped by the presence in the group of any other, and that the aggregate collectionthe combination toolas a unit, or whole, should present a symmetrical, well proportioned, and pleasing appearance.

These several objects I attain by means of the mechanism illustrated in the drawing which accompanies and form part of this application, and in which Figure 1 is an elevation of a combination tool constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the top, or upper edge of the same.

Like reference letters and numerals designate like parts and details in both views principal parts and elementary details being indicated by letters, while minor details of construction are referred to by numerals.

Enumerating the ten different tools included in the combination, and describing the several parts of novel form which have been so devised that many of these have dual, and some multiform functions in the operative actions of the different tools, the crossed levers, A and B, will first be described, as they, by the novel details of form given them, in reality constitute almost the entire deviceten distinct tools-viz: a hatchethammerstaple pullercut ting plierspipe tongs-wire cuttertap wrenchtack or nail pullerscrew-driver and three size eyelet punch. This pair of crossed levers, A and B, for convenient distinction are referred to as lever handles. They are preferably composed of wrought or cast steel, but may be of any other suitable metal or alloy having necessary strength, and adapted to be tempered and receive cutting edges.

The lever A, at its short arm, in front of the fulcrum rivet, has the projecting hatchet blade, 0, while the lever B, in like part of its length, has the hammer poll, D. The extreme front end of the lever A, is fashioned to form one jaw of a cutting pliers, E, while the corresponding part of the lever B, is

fashioned in like manner to form the comp anion jaw, E. The inner sides of the jaws E and E, are serrated with saw tooth notches to form gripping jaws of the pipe tongs, F and F.

From the rear side of the hammer poll, D, is a cone shaped projecting lug or horn, H, adapted by its form and position to be a convenient and effective staple puller. The upper rear or inner edge of the hatchet blade is serrated with saw tooth notches to form one wall of a V shaped tap or nut wrench, I, while the clevis shaped fulcrum brace, J, has similar notches along its lower side to form the other wall, I. By giving these two Walls positions radial to each other, or sloping to form a wedge shaped space between them, the tap wrench becomes graduated to adapt it for gripping taps of different sizes, and of varying shapes from square to round. The clevis shaped piece, J, in addition to,

forming one wall or jaw of the tap wrench, also serves as a very secure brace to hold the handles in close contact without too tight riveting.

. At a suitable distance from the fulcrum point of the levers to give desirable depth of mouth, or width of margin on the leather belt, or other article in which holes are to be punched, the handle or lever, A, has its vertical thickness increased by an upward projecting, semi-ovoid portion, 4, and through this enlarged portion extends a mortise, 5, in which is pivotally hung the three armed punch, K, each arm being a tubular punch, no two of the same size. This graduatedsize composite punch is secured in place by the cross rivet, 6, on which it may be turned to bring either of the three punching tubes to position for use. On the inner side of the handle A, and in rear of the mortise, 5, is a hook shaped lug, 7, in which the clamping link, 8, is held when the tool is closed and its two handles clamped tightly in position while the tool is in use as a hatchethammer, staple puller, or tap wrench. In vertical alinement with the punch, K, as it is located in the handle A, there is placed on the inner side of the handle B, a punch seat, L, on which the cutting end of the punch tubes contact in the action of punching. This seat also has the additional function of forming the pivotal attachment for the clamping link, 8, the rivet or journal on which said link turns to mesh in the lug, when the levers are to be clamped in position as a double handle of the hatchet, hammer, &c. This link is turned from under the lug when the tool is to be used as a plier, wire cutter, punch, &c. The rear end of the lever, A, is flattened and fashioned to form a tack .puller N, and the rear end of the lever, B, is in like manner flattened, to form a screw driver, M.

Having described the several parts and de tails of my invention, it is proper to explain some of the more important reasons for giving them the novel forms, and disposing them in the special positions where they are seen. The pair of pivotally connected, crossed levers was adopted as the basic foundation, or fundamental feature of the device because that method of applying power in the manipulation of small hand operated tools, is most simple, convenient, and universally understood, alike by skilled mechanics as well as novices. Moreover, crossed levers with oscillatin movement round a pivotal center point of connection, offer a wide field for variation in details of form to adapt them as operative parts of a great variety of devices. In the combination tool here described, the long arms of the two levers, A and B, being brought to, and firmly clamped in position approximately parallel to each other, form a trussed, double, and very rigid handle for the hatchet, hammer, &c.-a handle which will neither become loose from use, pull out under stress, or break offat an inopportune time. The necessary enlargement of the short arms of the leverstheir front ends, to afford material for the'plier, pipe tongs, and wire cutter jaws, gives desired additional weight, and consequently increases the impact of the stroke when the tool is used as hammer or hatchet. The tap wrench and staple puller, from their location, are given great lever power, and by their form, or shape, have great strength to resist breaking. The jaws of the cutting pliers at the extreme ends of the short arms of the levers, differ from the jaws of ordinary cutting pliers in having their concave inner surfaces serrated with the saw tooth notches to form the gripping jaws of a pipe tongs, a tool of infrequent use, but very convenient to have when needed. The wire cutter formed by the elongated semi-circular depressions, has the special merits of operating by a shear cut movement, and from its location near the fulcrum point, is given enormous power of leverage, while the two blades of the shears are held in close contact by the clevis brace through the ends of which the fulcrum rivet passes. The 3-fold, compound punch is arrangedv in T form, to the end that when the tool is to be used as a hammer, &c, with its handles closed and clamped, the punch representing the vertical body of the T may rest on the seat, forming an additional brace in the trussed, double handle, while the other two punching tubes forming the cross head of the T, rest in upper portion of the mortise, the projecting ovoid shaped enlargement protecting the hand from injury by the cutting ends of the punching tubes. When the tool is opened, and being used as a punch, if one of the punches project beyond this enlargement of the handle its position would not endanger the hand, and if being used as a cutting pliers, wire cutter, &c, the punches can be turned to same position as when closed. The screw-driver and tack puller, at outer ends of the long arms of the levers, derive no special advantage from their location, nor do they differ in form from similar tools in common use. They have been introduced to add to the number of tools found available in the combination, and their location fixed by necessity, the position assigned them being the only place affording facilities for their convenient use.

Having thus described my invention, pointed out the reasons for, and the results of, its novel features and details of construction, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

- In a mmbination tool consisting essentially of a pair of crossed and pivotally connected levers, the clevis shaped fulcrum brace attached at the crossing portion of said levers, the under side of said clevis brace be' I Signed in resence of two witnesses this ing serrated with saw-tooth notches adapted 6th day of J11 y 1907. to cooperate with a companion series of sawtooth notches, said notched or serrated por- JONATHAN KNIGHT 5 tions forming the two walls of graduated size Witnesses:

tap or nut wrench, substantially as shown E. H. ALLEN,

and described. W H. DAHMER. 

